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<title>Dynamic debugging technique</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Dynamic debugging technique</span></span>

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<p><b>Dynamic Debugging Technique</b> (<b>DDT</b>) is a series of <a href="Debugger" title="Debugger">debugger</a> programs originally developed for <a href="Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">Digital Equipment Corporation</a> (DEC) hardware, initially known as <b>DEC Debugging Tape</b> because it was distributed on <a href="Paper_tape" class="mw-redirect" title="Paper tape">paper tape</a>. The name is a pun on the insecticide <a href="DDT" title="DDT">DDT</a>. The first version of DDT was developed at <a href="MIT" class="mw-redirect" title="MIT">MIT</a> for the <a href="PDP-1" title="PDP-1">PDP-1</a> computer in 1961, but newer versions on newer platforms continued to use the same name. After being ported to other vendor's platforms and changing media, the name was changed to the less DEC-centric version. Early versions of <a href="Digital_Research" title="Digital Research">Digital Research</a>'s <a href="CP/M" title="CP/M">CP/M</a> and <a href="CP/M-86" title="CP/M-86">CP/M-86</a> kept the DEC name DDT (and DDT-86 and DDT-68K) for their debugger, however, now meaning <b>Dynamic Debugging Tool</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kildall_1978_DDT_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kildall_1978_DDT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DR_1976_DDT_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DR_1976_DDT-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The CP/M DDT was later superseded by the <i>Symbolic Instruction Debugger</i> (SID,<sup id="cite_ref-DR_1978_SID_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DR_1978_SID-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ZSID, SID86,<sup id="cite_ref-DR_1982_SID86_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DR_1982_SID86-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and GEMSID) in <a href="DR_DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="DR DOS">DR DOS</a> and <a href="Graphics_Environment_Manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics Environment Manager">GEM</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Paul_1997_DRDOSTIP_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paul_1997_DRDOSTIP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Paul_2002_DEBUG_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paul_2002_DEBUG-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In addition to its normal function as a debugger, DDT was also used as a top-level <a href="Command_line_interpreter" class="mw-redirect" title="Command line interpreter">command shell</a> for the <a href="Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> (MIT) <a href="Incompatible_Timesharing_System" title="Incompatible Timesharing System">Incompatible Timesharing System</a> (ITS) <a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a>; on some more recent ITS systems, "PWORD"—which implements a restricted subset of DDT's functionality—is run first and is overlaid with DDT as soon as the user logs in. DDT could run and debug up to eight <a href="Process_(computing)" title="Process (computing)">processes</a> (called "jobs" on ITS) at a time, such as several sessions of <a href="Text_Editor_and_Corrector" class="mw-redirect" title="Text Editor and Corrector">TECO</a>, and DDT could be run <a href="Recursively" class="mw-redirect" title="Recursively">recursively</a> - that is, some or all of those jobs could themselves be DDTs (which could then run another eight jobs, and so on). These eight jobs were all given unique names, and the usual name for the original and top-most DDT was "HACTRN" ("hack-tran"). <a href="Guy_L._Steele" class="mw-redirect" title="Guy L. Steele">Guy L. Steele</a> wrote a <a href="Filk" class="mw-redirect" title="Filk">filk</a> poem parody of <a href="Edgar_Allan_Poe" title="Edgar Allan Poe">Edgar Allan Poe</a>'s "<a href="The_Raven" title="The Raven">The Raven</a>," entitled <i>The HACTRN</i>.

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<p>DDT (Dynamic Debugging Technique), as implemented on the <a href="DECsystem-10" class="mw-redirect" title="DECsystem-10">DECsystem-10</a> & <a href="DECSYSTEM-20" title="DECSYSTEM-20">DECSYSTEM-20</a><sup id="cite_ref-DEC_1975_DDT_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEC_1975_DDT-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> allowed references to symbols within the programming being debugged. This feature loaded symbols from the .EXE executable file; a special version named SDDT used symbols from the running monitor and allowed system programmers to "peek" inside.<sup id="cite_ref-DEC_1975_DDT_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEC_1975_DDT-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<ul><li><a href="On-line_Debugging_Tool" title="On-line Debugging Tool">On-line Debugging Tool</a> (ODT)</li>

<li><a href="Tracing_Debugging_Technique" class="mw-redirect" title="Tracing Debugging Technique">Tracing Debugging Technique</a> (TDT)</li>

<li><a href="DEBUG_(DOS_command)" class="mw-redirect" title="DEBUG (DOS command)">DEBUG (DOS command)</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_computer_shells" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of computer shells">Comparison of computer shells</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFKildall1978" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="Gary_Arlen_Kildall" class="mw-redirect" title="Gary Arlen Kildall">Kildall, Gary Arlen</a> (February 1978) [1976]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dr_dobbs_journal_vol_03/page/n67/mode/1up">"A simple technique for static relocation of absolute machine code"</a>. <i><a href="Dr._Dobb's_Journal_of_Computer_Calisthenics_%26_Orthodontia" class="mw-redirect" title="Dr. Dobb's Journal of Computer Calisthenics & Orthodontia">Dr. Dobb's Journal of Computer Calisthenics & Orthodontia</a></i>. <b>3</b> (2). <a href="People's_Computer_Company" title="People's Computer Company">People's Computer Company</a>: 10–13 (66–69). <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-8104-5490-4</bdi>. #22 ark:/13960/t8hf1g21p<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-08-19</span></span>.</cite> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170819141800/http://www.retrotechnology.com/dri/d_dri_refs.html">[1]</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170819173516/http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/access/text/2016/12/102762506-05-01-acc.pdf">[2]</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://archive.today/20170909091943/https://groups.google.com/forum/%23!msg/comp.os.cpm/TLHgIi16yTo/gupNB1ai8UQJ#!topic/comp.os.cpm/TLHgIi16yTo">[3]</a>. Originally presented at: <cite id="CITEREFKildall1977" class="citation conference cs1 cs1-prop-location-test"><a href="Gary_Arlen_Kildall" class="mw-redirect" title="Gary Arlen Kildall">Kildall, Gary Arlen</a> (1977) [22–24 November 1976]. "A Simple Technique for Static Relocation of Absolute Machine Code". Written at <a href="Naval_Postgraduate_School" title="Naval Postgraduate School">Naval Postgraduate School</a>, Monterey, California, USA. In Titus, Harold A. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cyBGAQAAIAAJ&q=relocation"><i>Conference Record: Tenth Annual Asilomar Conference on Circuits, Systems and Computers: Papers Presented November 22–24, 1976</i></a>. Asilomar Hotel and Conference Grounds, Pacific Grove, California, USA: Western Periodicals Company. pp. <span class="nowrap">420–</span>424. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1058-6393">1058-6393</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-06</span></span>.</cite> (609 pages)</span>

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<li id="cite_note-DR_1976_DDT-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DR_1976_DDT_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cpm.z80.de/randyfiles/DRI/DDT.pdf"><i>CP/M Dynamic Debugging Tool (DDT). User's Guide</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="Digital_Research" title="Digital Research">Digital Research</a>. 1976. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070706053100/http://www.cpm.z80.de/randyfiles/DRI/DDT.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2007-07-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-11</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-DR_1978_SID-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DR_1978_SID_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cpm.z80.de/randyfiles/DRI/SID_ZSID.pdf"><i>SID Users Guide</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="Digital_Research" title="Digital Research">Digital Research</a>. 1978. 595-2549. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191020124044/http://www.cpm.z80.de/randyfiles/DRI/SID_ZSID.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-10-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-02-06</span></span>.</cite> (4+69 pages)</span>

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<li id="cite_note-DR_1982_SID86-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DR_1982_SID86_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cpm.z80.de/manuals/SID86_User_Guide.txt"><i>SID-86 User's Guide for CP/M-86</i></a> (2 ed.). <a href="Digital_Research" title="Digital Research">Digital Research</a>. August 1982 [March 1982]. SID86UG.WS4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191020123025/http://www.cpm.z80.de/manuals/SID86_User_Guide.txt">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-10-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-02-06</span></span>.</cite> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200208055456/https://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/access/text/2016/12/102762507-05-01-acc.pdf">[4]</a> (NB. A retyped version of the manual by Emmanuel Roche with Q, SR, and Z commands added.)</span>

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<li id="cite_note-Paul_1997_DRDOSTIP-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Paul_1997_DRDOSTIP_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPaul1997" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Paul, Matthias R. (1997-05-24) [1991]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.antonis.de/dos/dos-tuts/mpdostip/html/drdostip.htm"><i>DRDOSTIP.TXT — Tips und Tricks für DR DOS 3.41 - 5.0</i></a> (in German) (47 ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161107125452/http://www.antonis.de/dos/dos-tuts/mpdostip/html/drdostip.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-11-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-11-07</span></span>.</cite> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite book}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (help)</span></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Paul_2002_DEBUG-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Paul_2002_DEBUG_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPaul2002" class="citation newsgroup cs1">Paul, Matthias R. (2002-01-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/d/msg/comp.os.cpm/KG4R7ZNvHK8/U5LAkmjcxYgJ">"SID86"</a>. <a href="Usenet_newsgroup" title="Usenet newsgroup">Newsgroup</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="news:comp.os.cpm">comp.os.cpm</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20180827033457/https://groups.google.com/forum/%23!msg/comp.os.cpm/KG4R7ZNvHK8/wF6ZW1TyYj4J">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-08-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-04-08</span></span>. <q>[…] Since the <a href="DR-DOS_7.03" class="mw-redirect" title="DR-DOS 7.03">DR-DOS 7.03</a> <a href="DEBUG_(DOS_command)" class="mw-redirect" title="DEBUG (DOS command)">DEBUG</a> is still based on the old SID86.EXE, I suggest to run DEBUG 1.51 and enter the extended help system with ?? from the debug prompt. This will give you eight screens full of syntax and feature help. Some of these features were also supported by older issues. […]</q></cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-DEC_1975_DDT-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DEC_1975_DDT_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEC_1975_DDT_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBering1975" class="citation book cs1">Bering, Douglas E. (1975) [1968, 1969, 1970]. "Intro". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Dynamic-debugging-technique-Tracing-systems/dp/B0006XBRFS"><i>Reference Manual: DDT (Dynamic debugging technique) and TDT (Tracing debugging technique</i></a>. National Technical Information Service]. DEC-10-UDDTA-A-D. <q>DDT (Dynamic debugging technique) and TDT (Tracing debugging technique) for PDP-11 systems</q></cite></span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mit.edu/afs/net/project/cgw/src/ddt.68/ddt.cmds">DDT Command List</a> for a freeware version written in portable <a href="C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061011004003/http://www.sigfs.org/its-reference/its-reference-1.5.html#tth_sEc0.4.1">ITS 1.5 Reference Manual</a> -(Artificial Intelligence Memo No. 161A)</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://victor.se/bjorn/its/luser.php">ITS: Luser's Guide</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ultimate.com/phil/pdp10/quux.poem">The Great Quux Poem Collection</a> -(See especially the notes to the poem <i>The HACTRN</i>)</li></ul>

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</style><div id="Digital_Equipment_Corporation805" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">Digital Equipment Corporation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ken_Olsen" title="Ken Olsen">Ken Olsen</a> (founder and CEO, 1957–1992)</li>

<li><a href="Harlan_Anderson" title="Harlan Anderson">Harlan Anderson</a> (co-founder)</li>

<li><a href="Gordon_Bell" title="Gordon Bell">Gordon Bell</a> (VP of engineering)</li>

<li><a href="Robert_Palmer_(computer_businessman)" title="Robert Palmer (computer businessman)">Robert Palmer</a> (CEO, 1992–1998)</li></ul>

</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Instruction_set_architecture" title="Instruction set architecture">Instruction set<br>architectures</a>,<br><a href="Processor_(computing)" title="Processor (computing)">processors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="PDP-11_architecture" title="PDP-11 architecture">PDP-11</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="VAX" title="VAX">VAX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="MicroVAX_78032" title="MicroVAX 78032">MicroVAX 78032</a></li>

<li><a href="Rigel_(microprocessor)" title="Rigel (microprocessor)">Rigel</a>

<ul><li><a href="Rigel_(microprocessor)#Mariah" title="Rigel (microprocessor)">Mariah</a></li></ul></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="DEC_Alpha" title="DEC Alpha">Alpha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alpha_21064" title="Alpha 21064">Alpha 21064</a>

<li><a href="Alpha_21164" title="Alpha 21164">Alpha 21164</a> (<a href="Alpha_21164#Alpha_21164PC_(PCA56)" title="Alpha 21164">21164PC</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Alpha_21264" title="Alpha 21264">Alpha 21264</a></li>

<li><a href="Alpha_21364" title="Alpha 21364">Alpha 21364</a></li>

<li><a href="Alpha_21464" title="Alpha 21464">Alpha 21464</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="DEC_PRISM" title="DEC PRISM">MicroPRISM</a></li>

<li><a href="StrongARM" title="StrongARM">StrongARM</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Computer_terminal" title="Computer terminal">Computer<br>terminals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating<br>systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="PDP-7#Software" title="PDP-7">DECsys</a></li>

<li><a href="VAXELN" title="VAXELN">VAXELN</a></li>

<li><a href="ULTRIX" class="mw-redirect" title="ULTRIX">ULTRIX</a></li>

<li><a href="Digital_UNIX" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital UNIX">Digital UNIX</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Programming_language" title="Programming language">Programming<br>languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="BASIC-8" title="BASIC-8">BASIC-8</a></li>

<li><a href="DIBOL" title="DIBOL">DIBOL</a></li>

<li><a href="FOCAL_(programming_language)" title="FOCAL (programming language)">FOCAL</a></li>

<li><a href="MACRO-10" title="MACRO-10">MACRO-10</a></li>

<li><a href="MACRO-11" title="MACRO-11">MACRO-11</a></li>

<li><a href="MUMPS" title="MUMPS">MUMPS</a></li>

<li><a href="VAX_MACRO" title="VAX MACRO">VAX MACRO</a></li>

<li><a href="DIGITAL_Command_Language" title="DIGITAL Command Language">DIGITAL Command Language</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Character_encoding" title="Character encoding">Character sets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Multinational_Character_Set" title="Multinational Character Set">Code page 1100</a> (Multinational)</li>

<li><a href="Code_page_1287" title="Code page 1287">Code page 1287</a> (Greek)</li>

<li><a href="Code_page_1288" title="Code page 1288">Code page 1288</a> (Turkish)</li>

<li><a href="DEC_Hebrew" title="DEC Hebrew">Hebrew</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Replacement_Character_Set" title="National Replacement Character Set">National Replacement</a></li>

<li><a href="DEC_RADIX_50" title="DEC RADIX 50">RADIX 50</a></li>

<li><a href="DEC_Special_Graphics" title="DEC Special Graphics">Special Graphics</a></li>

<li><a href="DEC_Technical_Character_Set" title="DEC Technical Character Set">Technical</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Bus_(computing)" title="Bus (computing)">Bus standards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Digital_Storage_Systems_Interconnect" title="Digital Storage Systems Interconnect">Digital Storage Systems Interconnect</a></li>

<li><a href="Massbus" title="Massbus">Massbus</a></li>

<li><a href="Standard_Disk_Interconnect" title="Standard Disk Interconnect">Standard Disk Interconnect</a></li>

<li><a href="Synchronous_Backplane_Interconnect" title="Synchronous Backplane Interconnect">Synchronous Backplane Interconnect</a></li>

<li><a href="TURBOchannel" title="TURBOchannel">TURBOchannel</a></li>

<li><a href="Unibus" title="Unibus">Unibus</a></li>

<li><a href="VAXBI" title="VAXBI">VAXBI</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="Computer_hardware" title="Computer hardware">hardware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="DECserver" title="DECserver">DECserver</a></li>

<li><a href="DECtalk" title="DECtalk">DECtalk</a></li>

<li><a href="DECtape" title="DECtape">DECtape</a></li>

<li><a href="DECwriter" title="DECwriter">DECwriter</a></li>

<li><a href="Digital_Linear_Tape" title="Digital Linear Tape">Digital Linear Tape</a></li>

<li><a href="Dynamically_Redefined_Character_Set" title="Dynamically Redefined Character Set">Dynamically Redefined Character Set</a></li>

<li><a href="Firefly_(cache_coherence_protocol)" title="Firefly (cache coherence protocol)">Firefly</a></li>

<li><a href="Flip-Chip_module" title="Flip-Chip module">Flip-Chip module</a></li>

<li><a href="Mass_Storage_Control_Protocol" title="Mass Storage Control Protocol">Mass Storage Control Protocol</a></li>

<li><a href="PALcode" title="PALcode">PALcode</a></li>

<li><a href="Star_coupler" title="Star coupler">Star coupler</a></li>

<li><a href="System_Module" title="System Module">System Module</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="AdvFS" title="AdvFS">AdvFS</a></li>

<li><a href="AltaVista" title="AltaVista">AltaVista</a></li>

<li><a href="Compaq" title="Compaq">Compaq</a></li>

<li><a href="DECnet" title="DECnet">DECnet</a></li>

<li><a href="DECUS" title="DECUS">DECUS</a>

<ul><li><a href="HP-Interex" title="HP-Interex">HP-Interex</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Digital_Federal_Credit_Union" title="Digital Federal Credit Union">Digital Federal Credit Union</a></li>

<li><a href="Local_Area_Transport" title="Local Area Transport">Local Area Transport</a></li>

<li><a href="Maintenance_Operations_Protocol" title="Maintenance Operations Protocol">Maintenance Operations Protocol</a></li>

<li><a href="On-line_Debugging_Tool" title="On-line Debugging Tool">On-line Debugging Tool</a></li>

<li><a href="PALcode" title="PALcode">PALcode</a></li>

<li><a href="Record_Management_Services" title="Record Management Services">Record Management Services</a></li>

<li><a href="ReGIS" title="ReGIS">ReGIS</a></li>

<li>Sequence and Batch Language</li>

<li><a href="Sixel" title="Sixel">Sixel</a></li>

<li><a href="System_Reference_Manual" class="mw-redirect" title="System Reference Manual">System Reference Manual</a></li>

<li><a href="DEC_Systems_Research_Center" title="DEC Systems Research Center">Systems Research Center</a></li>

<li><i><a href="The_Ultimate_Entrepreneur" title="The Ultimate Entrepreneur">The Ultimate Entrepreneur</a></i></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"></span></span> Computers template</li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Digital_Equipment_Corporation" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Digital Equipment Corporation">Commons</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Digital_Research158" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Digital_Research158" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Digital_Research" title="Digital Research">Digital Research</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gary_Kildall" title="Gary Kildall">Gary Kildall</a></li>

<li><a href="Dorothy_McEwen_Kildall" title="Dorothy McEwen Kildall">Dorothy McEwen Kildall</a></li>

<li><a href="Gordon_Eubanks" title="Gordon Eubanks">Gordon Eubanks</a></li>

<li><a href="Tom_Rolander" title="Tom Rolander">Tom Rolander</a></li>

<li><a href="Kathryn_Strutynski" title="Kathryn Strutynski">Kathryn Strutynski</a></li>

<li><a href="Edward_R._McCracken" title="Edward R. McCracken">Edward R. McCracken</a></li></ul>

</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Programming_language" title="Programming language">Programming<br>languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="CBASIC" title="CBASIC">CBASIC</a></li>

<li><a href="Dr._Scheme" class="mw-redirect" title="Dr. Scheme">Dr. Scheme</a></li>

<li><a href="Atari_Pascal" title="Atari Pascal">Atari Pascal</a></li>

<li><a href="Pascal/MT%2B" title="Pascal/MT+">Pascal/MT+</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Software" title="Software">Software</a>,<br>technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="BatteryMAX" title="BatteryMAX">BatteryMAX</a></li>

<li><a href="DOS_Protected_Mode_Services" title="DOS Protected Mode Services">DOS Protected Mode Services</a></li>

<li><a href="File_Control_Block" title="File Control Block">File Control Block</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="GEM_character_set" title="GEM character set">GEM character set</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Peripheral_Interchange_Program" title="Peripheral Interchange Program">Peripheral Interchange Program</a></li>

<li><a href="Resource_construction_set" title="Resource construction set">Resource construction set</a></li>

<li><a href="ViewMAX" title="ViewMAX">ViewMAX</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="FlexOS" title="FlexOS">FlexOS</a></li>

<li><a href="IMDOS" title="IMDOS">IMDOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Multiuser_DOS" title="Multiuser DOS">Multiuser DOS</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="CPMulator" title="CPMulator">CPMulator</a></li>

<li><a href="Star_Trek_project" title="Star Trek project">Star Trek project</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_computers_running_CP/M" title="List of computers running CP/M">List of computers running CP/M</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2023-07-04" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Dynamic_debugging_technique&oldid=1163283968">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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